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Bauser & Westfall ±Ð¬ì®Ñ±Ä¨ú American Journal of Physics, Vol 75, 7 (2007) p.615 ªº¤@½g±À¾É¡A¦p¤U¡G

¨S prime ®y¼Ð¨t¬Ý¨ì¤@­Ó¨Æ¥ó E¡Aµo¥Í¦b (x, y , z) ³B¤Î t ®É¨è¡C

¥t¤@®y¼Ð¨t¡]¥´ prime¡^»P¨S prime ®y¼Ð¨t¦b y¡Bz ­è¦n­«¦X¡A ¨ä­ìÂI O' »P¨S prime ¨t­ìÂI O ¦b t = 0 ®É­«¦X¡A¦ý¦³ v ªº¬Û¹ï³t«×¡C¦]¦¹¡AOE ½u¬q (¦V¶q) µ¥©ó OO' ¥[¤W O'E¡A³o­Óµ²½×¬O¨â­Ó®y¼Ð¨tÆ[¹îªÌ³£·|©Ó»{ªº¨Æ¹ê¡A±µµÛ´N¬O­nªí¥Ü¥X³o¨â­Ó®y¼Ð¦Í¦U¦Û¬Ý¨ìªºÃö«Y¦¡¡C

¦b¨S prime ®y¼Ð¨t¡A³o¬O x = v t + x' /γ ¡Aªø«×ÁY¬ùªºª¾ÃѥΤW¥h¤F¡C

¦Ü©ó¦³ prime ®y¼Ð¨t¡A³o¬O x /γ = v t' + x'¡A¤@¼Ë¦]¬°ªø«×ÁY¬ù¡C

±µ¤U¨Ó¶}©l¾ã²z¡A²Ä¤@¦¡¥ª¥k¦P­¼ γ «á¨S prime ¥þ²¾¥ªÃä±o γ ( x - vt ) = x' ¡A±o¨ìÂà´«¦¡ªÅ¶¡ªº³¡¤À¡A¶¶«K¥s§@ (a) ¦¡¡C

¦Pªk±N²Ä¤G¦¡¨â°¼¦P­¼¥Hγ¡A´Nª½±µ±o¨ì°fÂà´«¦¡ªÅ¶¡ªº³¡¤À x = γ( x' + v t' )¡A¶¶«K¥s§@ (b) ¦¡¡C

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(b) ¦¡¤¤§Y¦³ x' ¤]¦³ t'¡A¦ý§Ú­Ì¤£·Q­nÃö«Y¦¡¤¤¦³ x'¡A³o¯à²¾¶µ¥X t' = ... ³o¼Ëªº®É¶¡³¡¥÷ªºÂà´«¤½¦¡¡A¦]¦¹­è¦n¥i¥H§Q¥Î (a) ¦¡¤¤§¹¥þªí¥Üªº x'¡A§â x' §Y¦¡ (a) ¥N¤J¦¡ (b) ¤§¤¤¡A±o¨ì prime ®y¼Ð¤À¶q¶È¯d t' ªºÃö«Y¦¡

x = γ(γ ( x - vt ) + v t' )

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t' = [x/γ- γ ( x - vt )] / v

= [(x/v) / γ- γ( (x/v) - t) ]

= γ[ (x/v) / γ2 - (x/v) + t ]

= γ[ (x/v) (γ-2 - 1) + t ]

¨ä¤¤ γ-2 - 1 ¨Ì©w¸q´N¬O [ (1 - v2/c2) ] - 1 = -v2/c2

­¼¤W (x/v) «áÅܦ¨ -xv/c2

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t' = γ( -xv/c2 + t )

 

 

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s2 = c2t2 - ( x2 + y2 + z2 )

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